Knee replacement, also called knee arthroplasty or total knee replacement, is a surgery to resurface a knee damaged by arthritis. Metal and plastic parts are wont to cap the ends of the bones that form the knee, alongside the kneecap. This surgery is also considered for somebody who has severe arthritis or a severe knee injury.

         Various kinds of arthritis may affect the knee joint. Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease that affects mostly middle-aged and older adults, may cause the breakdown of joint cartilage and adjacent bone in the knees. atrophic arthritis, which causes inflammation of the synovium and leads to excessive synovial fluid, can cause pain and stiffness. Traumatic arthritis, arthritis due to injury, may cause damage to the cartilage of the knee. The goal of knee replacement surgery is to resurface the parts of the knee joint that have been damaged and to relieve knee pain that can’t be controlled by other treatments. One of the most common reasons for knee replacement surgery is severe pain from joint damage caused by wear-and-tear arthritis (osteoarthritis). Osteoarthritis can erode the slick cartilage that helps your knee joint move smoothly. an artificial knee has metal alloy caps for your thighbone and shinbone, and high-density plastic to exchange damaged cartilage. Joints are the areas where 2 or more bones meet. Most joints are mobile, allowing the bones to move. Basically, the knee is 2 long leg bones held together by muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Each bone end is covered with a layer of cartilage that absorbs shock and protects the knee. There are 2 groups of muscles involved in the knee, including the quadriceps muscles (located on the front of the thighs), which straighten the legs, and therefore the hamstring muscles (located on the rear of the thighs), which bend the leg at the knee.